Organization s Policies And Procedures For Sales And...

Provide a list of your organisation’s policies, procedures and plans that will inform team and personal goal setting. If you are not currently working, you can use the policy, procedure and business plan documents in the Assessment Toolkit to provide a list (100 – 200 words). The companies (owl gaming) policies and procedures towards sales and distribution of video games assist in providing a basis towards informing both personal and team goal setting. By providing the sales targets and annual growth goals of the company as a whole, it provides a point of interest for the team and individual goals to be geared towards achieving. A list of these policies are as follows: †¢ To increase sales to more than $10 million in a 3 year period †¢ Bring gross margin back up to above 25% †¢ Sell $2 million games, hardware and support by 2017 †¢ Improve inventory turnover to 6 terns next year, with a gradual increase of +1 per year. 2 Establish two personal works goals and two team goals based on your job description (and following your organisation’s business plans, goals, and applicable policies and procedures). If you do not have access to these documents, samples are provided for your use in the Assessment Toolkit. Write your work activity, description and goals in the Work Plan template Student Workbook pages 3-19 Appendices 1 to 10 Complete the Work Plan template on page 7 Reflection Describe how and why you established the 2 personal work goals and two team goals (100 –Show MoreRelatedMovie Rental Services1207 Words   |  5 Pagesnight. Most of these machines are usually located in Wal-Mart, McDonalds, 7-11’s, and grocery stores. There are some drawbacks for this company, which include the limited product selection they have for their customers, and the extensive wait time to use the machines. Red Box customers are also subjected to the 28-day waiting period on some new released films. The future of Red Box is looking worthy of note, as video games are being presented in test markets across the country. The company has announcedRead MoreRedbox3346 Words   |  14 PagesEnvironmental Analysis Since Redbox was originally tried as a grocery and DVD rental kiosk, the transition into only the DVD rental market was relatively easy. Redbox is not only its business name; it is also its aesthetic view. It is a fully automated video and gaming rental venue that is all contained within a 12 foot square red box, hence the name. Redbox positions its kiosks in high-traffic areas like gas stations, grocery stores, and pharmacies. These are strategically placed for their intended targetRead MoreSony Marketing Mix3445 Words   |  14 PagesThere are four P’s in marketing mix which are: 1. 2. 3. 4. Product Price Place (Distribution) Promotion. SONY Corporation Sony Corporation is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world s largest media conglomerate with revenue of US$88.7 billion (as of 2008) based in Minato, Tokyo. Sony is one of the leading manufacturers of electronics, video, communications, video game consoles and information technology products for the consumer and professionalRead MoreBlockbuster: Leadership Strategic Failures Essay2055 Words   |  9 Pagesleadership within an organization, and its necessity for the company to survive. Blockbuster: Leadership amp; Strategic Failures Overview Blockbuster started as an idea by David Cook who owned a company called Cook Data Services that provided computer software to the oil and gas industry in Texas. In the early 80’s the oil and gas industry took a turn for the worse in Texas, and Cook decided to attempt a venture into the movie video rental business. The current video rental marketplace wasRead MoreTraining Module6402 Words   |  26 Pagesand implemented, effective training improves one companys success. Without a basic sales process and methodology, sale people are left to their own devices. That leaves management without a standard way to review trouble areas and predict success. Improved sales benefit every part of one company. Sales training can address multiple areas involving personal and interpersonal skills, business knowledge, and sales process and methodology. Each area has specific value and delivers different benefitsRead MoreBusiness Strategy - Terminology, Planning Techniques and Tools4219 Word s   |  17 Pagessuccessful in their planning there are a different variety of techniques that can be used to help businesses do the best planning for the future. Swot Analysis Possibly the most common foundation on which organisations base there planning procedures is the technique called a â€Å"SWOT analysis†. SWOT is the acronym for â€Å"Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats†. Strengths and weaknesses exist within the business itself and opportunities and threats are outside the business. Just a few examplesRead MoreThe Marketing Mix of Volkswagen Group3413 Words   |  14 Pagesdefines marketing as ‘the management process responsible for identifying and satisfying customer needs profitably’. The American Marketing Association’s definition is: ‘The process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organisational goals.’ According to Wall, Rees and Minocha (2009) the three major elements involved in the marketing role are: 1. Customer orientation 2. IntegratedRead Moreâ€Å"Gametronics†11741 Words   |  47 PagesHRM 370 | Case 1 | Group â€Å"E† â€Å"Gametronics† Prepared for: Mr. Tajuddin Ahmed Faculty Member, School of Business, North South University, Bangladesh Prepared by: S. M. Tanveer Saad ID no. 041-154-530 M. Tanvir Hossain ID no. 052-077-030 Md. Mahmodul Hasan ID no. 062 339 030 Md. Tanjim Haque ID no. 062 340 030 Anwar Sadath ID no. 062 345 030 Monday, July 13, 2009 Monday, July 13, 2009 Mr. Tajuddin Ahmed Faculty Member, School of Business, North South UniversityRead MoreMba Examination Paper of Marketing Management8287 Words   |  34 Pagesas: a. Advertising b. Informative advertising ï â€¦ c. Persuasive advertising d. Advertising strategy 10. An art that predicts the likelihood of economic activity on the basis of certain assumptions: a. Compensation b. Sales forecasting ï â€¦ c. Sales budgeting d. Selling policy Part Two: 1. Write a note on importance of consumer behavior for a business firm. 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Bipolar Disorder Is A Chronic Recurrent Illness That Can

Bipolar disorder is a chronic recurrent illness that can be categorized by 3 different types (Bipolar 1 Disorder, Bipolar II Disorder and Cyclothymic Disorder). Bipolar I disorder known as manic-depressive disorder or manic depression is a form of mental illness that is characteristic of a person as having at least one manic episode in his/her life (Jordan Halter, M 2014). These episodes usually result in excessive activity and energy. A manic episode is a period of abnormally elevated mood and high energy, accompanied by abnormal behavior that disrupts life. Most people with bipolar I disorder also suffer from episodes of depression, and often cycle between mania and depression (Jordan Halter, M 2014). Bipolar II disorder is a form of†¦show more content†¦(Jordan Halter, M 2014) Challenges faced by people that suffer with bipolar disorder are: uncontrollable mood swings between depression and mania that seem to appear suddenly, anxiety disorders that can be debilitating and alter sleep patterns, maintaining and managing stable relationships with others, addressing and controlling any addictions and substance abuse issues, and finding the right medication (Tartakovsky, M 2016). Lithium is usually the first line of medication treatment, but it is important to know about the medications being prescribed and the affects they have on the individual, not all medications work and react the same in everyone. (Tartakovsky, M 2016) The theoretical foundation I’ve chosen for my group is Beck’s cognitive –behavioral theory (CBT). The theory focuses on behaviors, linking symptom manifestations to thinking patterns, reinforcing adaptive behaviors and minimizing and framing dysfunctional thought patters (Jordan Halter, M 2014). The time of the group is limited and the goal is to change behavior through shifting thinking patterns (Jordan Halter, M 2014). I chose this theoretical foundation as the basis for my group because it has been found to be successful in other therapy groups where the members suffer from bipolar disorder. The name of myShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Manic Depressive Illnesses1143 Words   |  5 PagesGreek. The basis of the current concept of manic-depressive illnesses can be traced back to the 1850-s. Since then it has been regarded as a separate condition: bipolar disorder and described as illness causing recurrent oscillations between mania and depression. Bipolar disorder is characterized by severe and unusual changes in energy level, mood, and interactions with others. The mood swings associated with bipolar disorder are unpredictable, and range from mania (elevated or irritable mood)Read MoreDepression Is a Common but Serious Illness776 Words   |  4 Pagesin their life. When these feelings seem to consume one’s life and not disappear it can lead to depression. Depression is a common but very serious illness. This illness affects the daily activities of an individual and the people that surround them. Depression can occur in many different ways. Major depressive episode, or major depression, is a period of intense depressed mood. This particular type of depression can occur at any age and have diverse characteristics depending on the circumstance. IndividualsRead MoreAnalysis Of Pat Solitano ( Bradley Cooper )1501 Words   |  7 Pagesmet her. To end the movie, they share a kiss and begin a romantic relationship. 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Divided into two levels of diagnosis; Bipolar I Disorder is defined by the occurrence of a manic episodeRead MoreThroughout Lifetime We All Go Through Experiences That1276 Words   |  6 Pagesaffect our everyday life. But there is a condition known as Bipolar Disorder that changes all of this. This essay will discuss the stigma and structural violence associated with Bipolar Disorder and mental illness. It will also discuss how popular cultural depicts mental health. Bipolar disorder also known as manic- depressive illness is a chronic mental illness characterized by fluctuations in mood and energy that manifests as recurrent episodes of highs which are called mania and extreme lows knownRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1651 Words   |  7 Pagesunique structures of cannabinoids. In addition, the major psychoactive ingredient in marijuana is THC, which additionally has medicinal and psychoactive elements (The Weed Blog). Meanwhile, society oversee the positive outcome of what medical cannabis can achieve. People often forget that marijuana isn t just for recreational occasion, it has been used medically for thousands of years till today. It is used around the world where the use of medical cannabis is legal. Currently, there is 27 states inRead MoreAbstract. Developing What Are The Therapeutic Levels Of1261 Words   |  6 Pagesacute phase of bipolar disorder in its manic stage and in reducing the frequency and severity of relapses of this mental illness. Developing what are the therapeutic levels of lithium we must also comment that lithium is a metal that is not free in nature. Authors determined plasma levels of lithium, recognizing its clinical effects in the acute phase of bipolar disorder in its manic stage and in reducing the frequency and severity of relapses of this mental illness. In the UnitedRead MoreBipolar Disorder Essay1615 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar disorder, also commonly referred to as manic-depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes unusual and heightened swings in a person’s mood, energy level, and ability to function. The symptoms of bipolar disorder can be severe and therefore, they are quite different from the normal shifts in mood that everyone goes through on a daily basis. The effects of bipolar disorder can result in broken relationships, poor performance at work or school, self-mutilation, and even suicide. HoweverRead MoreAssociations Between Major Depressive Disorder And Bipolar Disorder1894 Words   |  8 PagesAssociations between Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder Major Depressive Episodes are prominent in Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder which can create difficultly to the differentiation of the both. As found in Forty et.al (2008)’s study, Major Depressive Episodes contributes to the optimum management of the two disorders, which they also suggest that it is of great clinical importance to be able to distinguish between them. (Kennedy, Lam, Parikh, Patten, Ravindran, 2009)Read MoreSymptoms Of Symptoms And Treatment Of A Depressive Disorder1340 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction This case study pertains to a 37 year-old female named Ellen Waters of undisclosed race who appears to be suffering with some form of a depressive disorder. Ellen is a single (never married) graduate student who lives alone and works in home healthcare. Throughout her adult life she has been unable to or uninterested in maintaining a job or a relationship for longer than a few years, and even her current relationship may be waning (the longest she’s had, at about six years). Her

Statistics assignment help

Abstract A data set of 216 children were taken from the study of 369 children who were examined for behaviors associated with attention deficit disorder. The data were collected on the children in second, fourth and fifth grades and subsequent academic performance was measured in ninth grade. The ninth grade records showed that children identified as showing attention deficit disorder behavior performed poorly in school, had lower IQ score and had poorer social adjustment. A subgroup to the sample set of 216 students who were favorably rated by their elementary school teachers showed better performance in academic areas as compared to the rest of the group. Seven-Year Followup of Behavior and Academic Performance of Attention Deficit Disordered Students Many research has been done on the field of attention deficit disorder. This research tries to predict the academic performance and behavior of the children identified by their teachers as showing attention deficit disorder syndrome. The research checks the chances of children showing the attention deficit disorder, repeating one or more grade, showing social adjustment problem and dropping out of high school. Also, the research checks on the chances of students who are rated more favorably by their teachers, of exceling in academic performance and having high IQ scores. This research is significant because it takes data of same students over the period of seven years. Though there is certain amount of subjectivity involved by the elementary teachers (Corners,1969), this subjectivity is nullified as different teachers rate the same people thrice, in grade two, grade four and grade five. Method Participants Participants were 216 students (54% boys, 46% girls) from one of 18 schools in northwestern Vermont. The schools were chosen in such a way to produce a reasonable cross section of rural schools within 40 miles of Burlington, Vermont. Age at first assessment, family background, racial/ethnic identity and other background variables were not assessed. Procedure All participants were part of a larger study conducted by Howell, Huessy, and Hassuk (1985). The original study began with 501 children in the second grade and consisted of sixstages of data collection: 2nd grade, 4th grade, 5th grade, 9th grade, 12th grade, and three years post graduation. The first three assessments were collected via the childs current teacher, the second two assessments were collected via school records and the final assessment was an extensive interview. Due to normal attrition, the sample size was reduced to 352 children by the end of the fifth grade. The present study utilizes data collected during all six collection periods and includes only those for whom complete data is available (N = 216). Measures Gender. The gender of the child was collected via a questionnaire completed by the childs second grade teacher. Grade Repetition. Whether or not the child repeated a grade during high school was assessed via school records at the end of the 12th grade English Level. The level of English class the child was enrolled in was assessed via the school record in the ninth grade. The three categories were: remedial, general and college preparatory. English Grade. The grade the child received in English during the ninth grade was assessed via school records. Grades were: A, B, C, D, or F. Social Adjustment Problems. Whether or not the child exhibited any social adjustment problems in the ninth grade was assessed via school records. A child was considered to have a social adjustment problem if there were at least two notations in the record of infractions like disruptive classroom behavior, truancy, or setting fires in trash cans. High School Dropout Status. Whether or not the participant dropped out before completing high school was obtained from the interview conducted approximately three years post high school graduation. ADD-like Behavior Score. ADD-like behavior score is the average of three scores obtained during the second, fourth and fifth grades. Each childs current teacher was asked to complete the form. The diagnostic instrument was a 21-item questionnaire that tapped behavioral components commonly associated with ADD. Teachers rated each child on a scale from 1 (low behavior) to 5 (high behavior), where 3 indicated an average level of behavior. For each of the three assessments, the 21 items were summed to obtain a total score. The score used in the present study reflect an average of these three assessments. Howell et al. (1985) report high reliability (Cronbachs alpha ranged from .93.96 across the three assessments), and good validity for the measure. Intelligence Quotient (IQ). IQ was assessed via a group administered Intelligence Test. Grade Point Average (GPA). Overall high school GPA was collected from school records at the end of the 12th grade. GPA was calculated using the following scale: A=4, B=3, C=2, D=1, F=0. Results Descriptive Statistics The data was segregated into three groups, Low, Normal and ADD (Attention Defeciet Disorder) based on the average ADD like behavior scores of the students. The 20th and 80th percentile of the ADD like behavior score were 42.8 and 62.0 respectively. The students falling to less than 20th percentile (ADD score less than 42.8) were put in Low group. The students falling in more than 80th (ADD score greater than 62) percentile were put in ADD group and the remaining were put in Normal group. Descriptive statistics for the variables used in this study are provided in Table 1 Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the variables Variables Mean Std. Deviation N Gender 1.4630 .49978 216 Repeated Grade? .0926 .29053 216 Social Adjustment .1157 .32066 216 Problems in 9th Grade? Dropped out of High .0926 .29053 216 School? IQ Score 102.3542 12.55762 216 GPA in 9th Grade 2.4386 .84507 216 Table 2 Academic and Behavioral Performance of the Three Groups Variables Groups Low Normal ADD General Data No. of students 43 131 42 Males (%) 37 52 78 Mean IQ 114.93 101.61 91.56 Repeated 1 or more grades (%) 2 5 25 9th Grade english level College preparatory (%) 40 9 0 General (%) 48 79 68 Remedial (%) 12 12 32 9th Grade english Grade F Grade (%) 0 1 4 D Grade (%) 0 8 30 C Grade (%) 23 44 30 B Grade (%) 51 37 28 A Grade (%) 26 10 8 Mean 9th Grade GPA 3.1 2.42 1.87 Social adjustments problem (%) 0 10 30 Dropped out of High school (%) 0 9 23 From the above table we can see that male percentage is relatively low in the Low group and the male percentage is high in ADD group. Students in Low group have tendency of taking college preparatory courses while remedial english is preffered by ADD group. Also A grade is secured by Low group compared to other groups and F grade by ADD group. Results for t Test The two groups Normal and ADDs mean were compared on grade repetition, social adjustment problem and dropped out of high school variables. As the equality of the variance of the groups were not certain, two-independent samples t test was conducted to check the following hypothesis. Null Hypothesis (H0): The mean of repetition of one or more grade of group Normal and group ADD is equal. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): The mean of repetition of one or more grade of group Normal and group ADD are different. From the Table 3 in the Appendix it can be seen that the F test of sample variances has a probability that is less than 0.05. Accordingly, H0 was rejected, and the t test based on the equal variances not assumed was used. The significance level 0.007 was less than significance level of 0.05. Therefore, null hypothesis of equal means was rejected. The mean of ADD group was much higher than that of Normal group, hence , we infer that the likelyhood of students repeatingone or more grade is higher for students belonging to ADD group as compared to the normal group. Null Hypothesis (H0): The mean of social adjustment problem of group Normal and group ADD is equal. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): The mean of social adjustment problem of group Normal and group ADD are different. From the Table 3 in the Appendix it can be seen that the F test of sample variances has a probability that is less than 0.05. Accordingly, H0 was rejected, and the t test based on the equal variances not assumed was used. The significance level 0.016 was less than significance level of 0.05. Therefore, null hypothesis of equal means was rejected. The mean of ADD group was much higher than that of Normal group, hence , we infer that the likelyhood of students facing social adjustment problems is higher for students belonging to ADD group as compared to the normal group. The result is in accordance with the research done by Lambert, Sandoval Sassone (1978) and Loney, Whaley Kosier (1981). Null Hypothesis (H0): The mean of dropped out of high school of group Normal and group ADD is equal. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): The mean of dropped out of high school of group Normal and group ADD are different. From the Table 3 in the Appendix it can be seen that the F test of sample variances has a probability that is less than 0.05. Accordingly, H0 was rejected, and the t test based on the equal variances not assumed was used. The significance level 0.063 was higher than the significance level of 0.05. Therefore, null hypothesis of equal means was not rejected. Hence it can not be inferred that students in ADD group have higher chances of dropping out of high school as compared to Normal group. Results for Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) One way ANOVA was used for the comparison of means of 9th grade GPA and the IQ score of Low, Normal and ADD group because the independent variable had more than 2 groups. Following hypothesis were tested using ANOVA. Null Hypothesis (H0): The mean of 9th grade GPA of group Low, group Normal and group ADD is equal. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): The mean of 9th grade GPA of group Low, group Normal and group ADD are different. From the Table 4 in the Appendix it can be seen that the critical value of F is 3 for degrees of freedom of 2 and 213, which is less than the calculated value of 29.72. Hence we reject the null hypothesis. Further the mean GPA of the group Low, Normal and ADD are 3.10, 2.42 and 1.87 respectively. Thus it can be inferred that the chances of student belonging to Low group scoring high GPA and students belonging to ADD group scoring relatively low GPA is high. Null Hypothesis (H0): The mean of IQ score of group Low, group Normal and group ADD is equal. Alternative Hypothesis (H1): The mean of IQ score of group Low, group Normal and group ADD are different. From the Table 4 in the Appendix it can be seen that the critical value of F is 3 for degrees of freedom of 2 and 213, which is less than the calculated value of 55.12. Hence, we reject the null hypothesis. Further the mean IQ score of the group Low, Normal and ADD are 114.93, 101.61 and 91.56 respectively. Thus it can be inferred that the chances of student belonging to Low group scoring high IQ and students belonging to ADD group scoring relatively low IQ is high. Table 3 One way ANOVA of IQ and GPA by Group Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. IQ Score Between Groups 11563.512 2 5781.756 55.124 .000 Within Groups 22340.645 213 104.886 Total 33904.156 215 GPA in 9th Grade Between Groups 33.503 2 16.752 29.725 .000 Within Groups 120.037 213 .564 Total 153.540 215 Results for Correlation From Table 6 in Appendix, it was seen that high GPA had strong correlation with the IQ scores and dropping out of school at high school level had strong correlations with social adjustment problem. Discussion From the research findings we see that the chances of students showing attention defecit disorder syndrome is relatively higher as compared to the students showing normal beahvior in repeating a grade and showing social adjustment problem. Further striking difeerence was found between the ADD group and the Low group with respect to the IQ score and average GPA. This research shows that early identification of the attention deficit disorder behavior and steps taken to rectify the disorder can help the students to perform well in their future academic performance and socially acceptable behavior.

Welfare To Workfare Essays - Welfare Reform, Public Economics

Welfare To Workfare Welfare is a public assistance program that provides at least a minimum amount of economic security to people whose incomes are insufficient to maintain an adequate standard of living. These programs generally include such benefits as financial aid to individuals, subsidized medical care, and stamps that are used to purchase food. The modern U.S. welfare system dates back to the Great Depression of the 1930's. During the worst parts of the Depression, about one-fourth of the labor force was without work. More than two-thirds of all households would have been considered poor by today's standards. With a majority of the capable adult population experiencing severe financial misfortune, many Americans turned to the government for answers. In response, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt led a social and economic reform movement attacking the Depression. Part of his newly enacted "New Deal" program was the Social Security Act, enacted by Congress in 1935. This act and established a number of social welfare programs, each designed to provide support for different segments of the population. Recently Roosevelt's Social Welfare Program has become a topic of heated debate. Welfare has come a long way since Roosevelt, it was once a system that help those in need until they could get back on their feet, now welfare has turned into a system that feeds money to a group of people that have become to lazy to find work. Talk of replacing the old system with a welfare program that will emphasize putting welfare recipients to work has become very frequent. More and more stated are now beginning to adopt a"welfare-to-work" program, leaving other states to simply ponder about the idea of "taking people off the system." Those in favor of welfare reform argue that a welfare-to-work program will cut the amount of people on welfare causing a surplus of funds. These people base their idea on the overwhelming success of those states who have already adopted such a program. Nationwide, welfare caseloads have declined significantly since the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996. In the few months since the bill went into effect the amount of welfare caseloads are down by approximately 2 million. Figures also show that Alabama reduced its welfare enrollment by 48%, and Indiana, Oklahoma, South Carolina, and Tennessee reduced theirs by 49%. In Wisconsin welfare was reduced by 58% and Wyoming's cases dropped an amazing 73% (Source: Dept. of Health and Human Services). According to the experts these successful states have a on main element in common, "a serious effort to move welfare recipients into jobs." In addition, welfare reform is saving both the state and federal governments hundreds of millions of dollars, while giving thousands of Americans who formerly received government handouts a sense of self-worth. Opponents of the bill have a much different view, they believe that the new program will have a negative effect on society and the economy. Labor unions, and others who are against the legislation, are concerned that welfare recipients, often available at lower rates, will displace current workers. Businesses pressured by the federal government to handle their share if the burden in ending welfare as we know it, must struggle with the uncertainty of employing workers who for years were unemployed. Critics of the bills also believe that the legislation goes too far by cutting too much from welfare spending and harming poor children. They contend that the unemployed poor need training in order to get a job, and that a welfare-to-work program including training will cost more money not less. After assessing both side of the issue it is my sincere belief that a nationwide welfare-to-work program would have a positive effect on American society. This sort of program would rid the nation of the wide array of indolent people who live their life off governmental funds, and produce a remainder of workers in need of jobs. It is obvious from the many statistics that welfare-to-work has been a success in decreasing the caseloads of welfare, and in adding to the surplus of funds for state and federal governments, that could be used for beneficial changes such as improvements in roadways. Therefore I think that this program should be adopted by all fifty states. Bibliography Berkowitz, Edward D. America's Welfare State: From Roosevelt to Regan. The American Moment Series. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991. Cloward, Richard A., ed. Regulating the Poor The Functions of the Public Welfare. London: Vintage Books, 1993. NCAP on the web. National Center for Political Analysis 17 Nov. 1999 http://www.ncpa.org/pi/welfare Pear, Robert. "10,000 Welfare

Learn About the Many Varieties of Quartz

Learn About the Many Varieties of Quartz Quartz  is an old German word that originally meant something like hard or tough. It is the most common mineral in the continental crust, and the one with the simplest chemical formula: silicon dioxide or SiO2. Quartz is so common in crustal rocks that its more notable when quartz is missing than when its present.   How to Identify Quartz Quartz comes in many colors and shapes. Once you start studying minerals, though, quartz becomes easy to tell at a glance. You can recognize it by these identifiers: A glassy lusterHardness 7 on the Mohs scale, scratching ordinary glass and all types of steelIt breaks into curved shards rather than flat-faced cleavage fragments, meaning it exhibits conchoidal fracture.Almost always clear or whiteAlmost always present in light-colored rocks and in sandstonesIf found in crystals, quartz always has a hexagonal cross-section like that of a common pencil. Most examples of quartz are clear, frosted, or found as milky-white grains of small size that dont display crystal faces. Clear quartz may appear dark if its in a rock with a lot of dark minerals. Special Quartz Varieties The pretty crystals and vivid colors youll see in jewelry and in rock shops are scarce. Here are some of those precious varieties: Clear, colorless quartz is called rock crystal.Translucent white quartz is called milky quartz.Milky pink quartz is called rose quartz. Its color is thought to be due to various impurities (titanium, iron, manganese) or microscopic inclusions of other minerals.Purple quartz is called amethyst. Its color is due to holes of missing electrons in the crystal in combination with iron impurities.Yellow quartz is called citrine. Its color is due to iron impurities.Green quartz is called praseolite. Iron impurities account for its color, too.Gray quartz is called smoky quartz. Its color is due to holes of missing electrons in combination with aluminum impurities.Brown smoky quartz is called cairngorm and black smoky quartz is called morion.The Herkimer diamond is a form of natural quartz crystal with two pointed ends. Quartz also occurs in a microcrystalline form called chalcedony. Together, both minerals are also referred to as silica. Where Quartz Is Found Quartz is perhaps the most common mineral on our planet. In fact, one test of a meteorite (if you think youve found one)  is to be sure it doesnt have any quartz. Quartz is found in most geologic settings, but it most typically forms sedimentary rocks like sandstone. This is no surprise when you consider that nearly all the sand on Earth is made almost exclusively from grains of quartz. Under mild heat and pressure conditions, geodes can form in sedimentary rocks that are lined with crusts of quartz crystals deposited from underground fluids. In igneous rocks, quartz is the defining mineral of granite. When granitic rocks crystallize deep underground, quartz is generally the last mineral to form and usually has no room to form crystals. But in pegmatites quartz can sometimes form very large crystals, as long as a meter. Crystals also occur in veins associated with hydrothermal (super-heated water) activity in the shallow crust. In metamorphic rocks such as gneiss, quartz becomes concentrated in bands and veins. In this setting, its grains do not take their typical crystal form. Sandstone, too, turns into a massive quartz rock called quartzite. Geological Significance of Quartz Among the common minerals, quartz is the toughest and most inert. It makes up the backbone of good soil, providing mechanical strength and holding open pore space between its grains. Its superior hardness and resistance to dissolution are what make sandstone and granite endure. Thus you could say that quartz holds up the mountains. Prospectors are always alert to veins of quartz because these are signs of hydrothermal activity and the possibility of ore deposits. To the geologist, the amount of silica in a rock is a basic and important bit of geochemical knowledge. Quartz is a ready sign of high silica, for example in rhyolite lava. Quartz is hard, stable, and low in density. When found in abundance, quartz always points to a continental rock because the tectonic processes that have built the Earths continents favor quartz.  As it moves through the tectonic cycle of erosion, deposition, subduction, and magmatism, quartz lingers in the uppermost crust and always comes out on top.

How to Write a Book Proposal a Master Guide (with Template)

How to Write a Book Proposal a Master Guide (with Template) The Complete Guide to Writing a Book Proposal Last updated: 08/15/2018Have you got a nonfiction book idea and dream of securing a million-dollar deal - all before writing the book itself?Well, we’ve got two words for that: book proposal. In the nonfiction world, publishers will ask an author to submit this vital document (and not the entire book). However, if you want it to emerge unscathed from the slush pile, your proposal must be clear, thoroughly researched, and ironclad.To sculpt your proposal into its best self, we've recruited the aid of the top developmental editors on our marketplace -    and provided a book proposal template for you.Now, this guide and the book proposal template complement one another, so you’ve got two ways to go about this. If you’d like to refer back to the template as you read this guide, you can go ahead and download it in the Book Proposal Template section.Or, if you've already written your proposal and want to know how to submit it, check out this three-step guide.And, be fore you get too far, it's also worth knowing that writing a book proposal is not the same as a query letter - which is what you would write to attract a literary agent's attention.What is a book proposal?The book proposal is a 15-50 (or so) page manuscript that a writer uses to pitch a nonfiction book to publishers. Though it’s written in place of an actual book, it should build a complete argument for the book idea. Chiefly, a good proposal will cover:what the book is about,why you're the perfect person to write this book,who will buy the book, andhow you are going to convey the message.If you successfully execute this, the sum of the proposal’s parts will convince a publisher to invest in you and your goal: a published book.Here’s another way to think about it. You’re convinced that your book idea is a diamond in the rough, right? Well, you’ve first got to refine it to the point that its cut catches the eye of even the most cynical publisher. N ow, the book proposal is going to be the dais on which you display your diamond so that it glows. Everything you wanted to know (but never asked) about book proposals #PubTips What must a book proposal show a publisher?Publishers read thousands of proposals a week. (We say this without exaggeration.) They’re forgoing tea parties to read your proposal. That means that they want to see the potential in your book - and that they will be wondering one thing more than anything else. Can this book make us money? Already written a book proposal that you now want to perfect? Consider working with a professional developmental editor to make every component of your book proposal airtight and cogent. They charge between $500 and $2,000.Not started writing your book proposal yet? Consider taking on an experienced ghostwriter to write the whole proposal for you. They charge between $2,000 and $20,000."Proposals can range anywhere from a few thousand dollars up to $20,000. It all depends on the amount of idea developing and writing that's needed." - Stacy Ennis, GhostwriterPublishing professionals possess decades of experience reading, editing, and re-tuning book proposals. There’s no real replacement for their insight and training. It’s a worthwhile investment, especially for anyone who wants to hear those magic words, â€Å"Let’s get you on a book deal.†What's your experience writing proposals been like? Do you have any additional questions about the book proposal temp late? Leave your thoughts in the comments below!Huge thanks to editors  Jeff Shreve, Geoffrey Stone, Patrick Price, Jennifer Barclay, Fran Lebowitz, Elizabeth Evans, Laura Yorke, Katharine Sands, and Jaimee Garbacik as well as  ghostwriters Andrew Crofts  and Stacy Ennis for their input and suggestions!

Telephonica Global Strategy, Structure, and Operations Essay

Telephonica Global Strategy, Structure, and Operations - Essay Example The economics of scale in producing and marketing a product in the same way worldwide would produce substantially lower costs, and thus allow lower prices that would overcome remaining differences in tastes. According to the case study: "the telecommunications industry has today become the largest in the world, generating $US 1 trillion (US$1,000 billion) in revenues in 1998 in worldwide service revenues and equipment sales. In 1997, telecom services alone generated a revenue in excess of USS650 billion" (Telephonica Today, 1999). Globalization allows Telephonica to maintain high-speed growth through continuous optimization of is product mix and constant technological innovation. It has also realized rapid expansion through capital injections. In 1997 Telephonica became "a completely private company" and has begun to follow a strategy of withdrawing from small markets with limited potential for its core products and to look for markets in countries with a major growth potential for telecommunication industry. "The first half of 1999 was putting Telef6nica's aggressive strategy of investing in Latin America to the test" (Telephonica Today, 1999). The choice of Brazil was not accidental. This market is considered as the most potential one for telecommunication industry because it had the poorest telecommunication infrastructure development among other Latin American countries. The other potential markets were Argentina, Venezuela, Puerto Rico, Colombia, Peru, Mexico, El Salvador and Chili. The situation is marked by two factor - specification, which is to do with the 'design quality' of service, and conformity, which is to do with the 'process' quality which is achieved are of particular importance to customers. The main challenge is that Telephonica is well-positioned to take on this important global leadership role. It has the global resources and certainly has the technological capability. According to Johnson and Scholes (1998) the size of the investment required by a business wishing to enter an industry is an important determinant of the extent new entrants. The higher the investment required, the less the threat from new entrants. The lower the required investment, the greater is the threat. In this situation: "Telefonica saw opportunity in Latin America whereas most other companies saw risk, and is now present in nine countries with an annual average growth of 13% since 1995" (Telephonica Today, 1999). Another important challenge of global strategy applied by Telephonica is the concept of international culture, which "was absent in the world of telecommunication at that time" (Case study). Latin America has a complex culture which interacts with business in the way of socialization (the influences which shape behaviour in a particular social setting). At its deepest level. In spite this fact, it was more easy for a Spanish-based company to penetrate into Latin American market and gain its competitice position. Another important opportunity is great belief of management team in potential and success. Juan Villalonga commented that "Latin America is to Telefobica what the United States is to AT&T, It is our home, our culture and our language" (Telephonica Today, 1999). In general, it is possible to say that culture in Telephonica is based on the interrelationship of strategy formulation and implementation. The success of the company was caused by correlation of strategy, structure,

Educational Enquiry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Educational Enquiry - Essay Example In regards, to appointments and work experience it is evident from the curriculum vitae that Ball has held various key positions in numerous institutions that are largely academically or educationally oriented. The academic qualifications and work experience of Ball helps in understanding his evolving position because of the fact that he has had a long participation or involvement with the education sectors that are even beyond the borders of the United Kingdom and his positions in the two papers talks about the evolutions that are being witnessed within the education sector. For example, in the position paper that he published in 2011 he talks about creating a new research agenda for educational leadership and policy, and this can be well understood from the previous research studies that he had written and contributed to, which alluded to a pending shift on the English education policy. The main points presented in the Ball’s 2011 article that was titled â€Å"A new researc h agenda for educational leadership and policy† To begin with, Ball (2011) wrote the article with primary intent to bring to the attention of researchers in the field of leadership and education policy about the new emerging research issues and the pertinent research questions that could help in understanding these emerging research issues in the English education policy. Therefore, the arguments presented by Ball (2011) in this article were mainly geared for use by researchers in the field of leadership and education policy but it could be applied further to researchers in other countries. At the start, Ball (2011) acknowledged the fact that there has been some changes and development in the English educational policy, which have lead to a subsequent change in the way learners are educated and even the way learning institutions are managed. Therefore, it is for this reason that there needs to be a radical change in the approach through which research studies are conducted on the English education policy so as to address pertinent problems and come up with solutions that are in tandem with the changed or the newly formed education landscape. From a wider perspective, it is can be stated that Ball (2011) was advocating for a paradigm shift on the research methodology that is normally applied by researchers in the field of leadership and educational policy since there is need to develop new research skills, data collection tools, and also exploit news locations for obtaining research questions. Ball (2011) suggested that the new research methodology that should be adopted by the researchers should integrate business and financial analysis, which means that the researchers should become conversant with the analytical analysis of an education policy from a business and financial perspective. This new research approach is promoted by the fact that the education sector has in the recent past witnessed increased incorporation of commercial players who were prev iously confined to the private school sector and thus, there is need to look at the education policy from the financial/ money side. According to Ball (2011), one of the key research issues that researchers should critically consider on English Educational Policy is the leadership within learning institut

Assess the Significance of Henry Viii as a Renaissance Monarch Essay Example for Free

Assess the Significance of Henry Viii as a Renaissance Monarch Essay Henry Viii was crowned in the early 16th century, during the renaissance period. The renaissance period reflects back on the 15th century Florence, Italy where the rise of religious philosophy, nationalism and interest in the arts, humanities and architecture was dominated in pop culture. Henry Viii reflected these aspects as a renaissance monarch. However his significance to the world today was his influence in the birth of the Church of England. â€Å"In 1534 Henry Viii released the atomic bomb he had been brandishing for several years at the pope† as said by Imperato. This atomic bomb is in reference to the Henretian Act of Supremacy, a milestone of how Henry viii is conjugated as a Renaissance Monarch when looking at religious Philosophy. The Act of Supremacy was the act which officially turned the church in England to the Church of England (as stated by Morrill). Henry was named supreme head of the church, and England became a protestant nation. However religious philosophy wasn’t properly explored until later when the Tyndale Bible was handed to the king. Tyndale had translated to bible from Latin to English, which was a distinct maxim of Martin Luther, the reformer. Henry sentenced Tyndall to be executed for heresy. It was later that Thomas Cranmer; Henry’s self-appointed archbishop of Canterbury said that the bible should be written in English and that all church services should be celebrated in English also. So when the Matthew Bible which was another English written bible arose it was quickly adopted by the Church of England. , this was Henry’s first action in realising religious philosophy. Jones states, â€Å"at first the church didn’t change, by all but name it was still Catholic†. Jones continues,† Tyndall was sentenced to death for heresy although it wasn’t until Cranmer said that English bibles were acceptable that another English version, the Matthew bible was adopted†. Morrill argues that, it was Anne Boleyn who convinced Henry to allow English bibles to be used. She used her influence over him to legalise such bibles. However in contrast Imperato states that it was a mix of the two members seeking conference about Martin Luther’s 95 thesis and its benefits on England. It is acknowledged that Henry VIII didn’t really want the church to reform as much as members of his court did at the time. Where religious philosophy is a key fundament to a Renaissance monarch so is the rise of a sense of Nationalism. Henry VIII explored the rise of nationalism in the form of the Act of Absolute Restraint of Appeals. This act was used to allow Henry’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon to be annulled, as it was a National ‘issue’ not a papal ‘issue’ and therefore should be dealt with at a national level. The act absolutely annihilated any other court’s jurisdiction or influence in an English court case. And so, England seceded from Rome’s power, becoming its own Nation with its own secure jurisdictional court. Hence Henry’s renaissance monarchy rose with a sense of individual Nationalism. The rise of Nationalism was also explored In The Field Of Cloth Of Gold (1520), which was a very expensive meeting between Francis I’s court of France and Henry’s English court in the area of Calais, England’s only occupied area on the mainland of Europe. The field was supposed to be an exciting set of fun competitions to initiate an alliance between England and France. Among the land lay tents decorated with Cloth of Gold, which was a cloth of silk and cloth, but most importantly it was expensive as both monarchs were trying to best the other and very soon the meeting turned into a grandeur match between the two monarchs. The meeting did not result in an alliance being agreed to. However when Henry returned to England, he signed to an alliance with the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V who, two weeks later opened war with France. The alliance between England and Spain was in itself a rise of nationalism as a military alliance was established in 1520 to strengthen the impact of England in the Renaissance world. Anderson states, â€Å"The act in restraint of appeals really plugged the already fuming relationship between Rome and England (1534)† Davis agrees by stating, England’s secession from Rome really was the beginning of a new nation, with its own jurisdictional powers only appeared to itself. From this it can be said that Henry used to Act to raise England into becoming a nation with its nationalist maxims and powers. On the matter of the Field of Cloth of Gold Shelly states, Henry’s attempt at an alliance with France was abruptly called to an end when the Field gave no results to what Henry was trying to achieve. Johnson continues Henry VIII’s attempts may have failed with France, but Charles V was more than ready to open an alliance with England. The rise of nationalism is conjugated here by the fact that Henry extended his kingdom’s power by linking with the Holy Roman Emperor in 1520. Another important fundamental component to a renaissance onarch is an interest in art and architecture which Henry upheld, an example of this is the Field of Cloth of Gold itself. The Field of Cloth of Gold was named after the grand tents made of such fabric which were flamboyant, expensive but most importantly was an expression of interest in modern (renaissance) art. The tents were made with jewels and gold thread to give it a more grandiose appearance. As previously stated, the Field was i ntended to be the birthplace of an alliance between France and England, however such never occurred. The Field was where dignitaries from the English and French courts operated for 3 weeks. The entire occasion was one where each monarch would take his turn at beating the other on things that ranged from jousts to poetry and everything in between; even the clothing that each king wore was a contest, each day both of them would be wearing clothes that out-did the clothes they wore the day before by tenfold. So instead of being a fun occasion where a real friendship between Francis I and Henry VIII it was simply a back and forth competition to show how rich and powerful each king was. The humanities and arts were explored in the Field by both monarch; plays were showed daily, poetry was recited publically, chess was played and songs were written. Henry even payed an esteemed composer and orchestra to play during the king’s dinner feast, inside Henry’s temporary palace, made of wooden beams with painted canvas that gave the full illusion of a brick interior and exterior. Jones states, The Field (oCoG) was simply a besting competition of who was the better renaissance monarch, judged on what they presented in the artistic region of renaissance maxims. From this it can be concluded that the Field of Cloth of Gold was just an expression of each king’s grandeur and how integrated their courts were with the renaissance and how wealthy they were. In conclusion, Henry VIII can be seen as a significant renaissance monarch by the expression of the rise of religious philosophical reforms shown in the Church of England’s creation. Alongside the rise of nationalism and the development of the \ of the Arts and Humanitarian concepts. All of which were fundamental components of the renaissance. However the main significance of Henry VIII today was his influence in the rise of the Anglican Church.

To Kill A Mockingbird Character Analysis :: essays research papers

TKAM   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many people in To Kill a Mockingbird that have significant influences of Scout and Jem’s actions. The two that stood out boldly to me, however, were Atticus and Calpurnia. Atticus, being the children’s father, tought his kids many moral lessons. Calpurnia acted as a mother to Jem and Scout. Throughout every chapter these two charactors were making connections that only parents can do. They both inflicted fundamental influence on the children. Atticus and Calpurnia were both essential charactors in supporting Jem and Scouts actions because they represented parental values needed for success in life; as does my father, who teaches me things no one else can.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Atticus was definitely a major role model for both his children because he was a well-mannered father. From the beginning of the novel until the end, his kids were trying to make him proud of them. â€Å"I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand† (Pg. 116) is just one of the non-violent, influential lessons he told his children. One of the many ideas he tries to make clear to Scout throughout the novel is to not judge people, which is the primary conflict in the story. â€Å"You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view...Until you climb into his skin and walk around in it† (Pg. 34) is yet another example. Atticus is the key authority in the lives of his two children. He clearly recognizes their problems, gives them the advice they need, and lets his children handle their problems. He is distinctly there for them everytime they need him. A tticus is an unparelelled charactor in making major impacts upon Scout and Jem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Calpurnia, although not as influential as Atticus, was more of an influence at the beginning of the novel. She loved Scout and Jem like her own children. Cal disciplined them like a mother, and loved them like a mother as well. By taking them to her church and telling Scout she could come to her house, she evidently crossed a barrier from â€Å"housemaid† to a friend or a guardian. â€Å"Folks don’t like to have somebody around knowin’ more than they do. It aggrevates ‘em† (Pg. 128) something she tells Scout about why she talks different around black friends than how she normally speaks. This is one of the many lessons Scout learned in the book.

Drum Major App

Drum Major Audition 1. What specific skills do you posses that qualify you as a drum major. What qualifies me as a drum major is the experience that I have within this band program. Being a section leader for the past two years has given me a much better understanding of show and music, along with advanced understanding of marching technique and fundamentals. 2. Describe your level of musicianship and instrumental pedagogy skills. From the start of my music career at Cryar, I've always been the top Tuba player. Even throughout Junior High-school and Even so far in High-school, I've been in Wind Ensemble.Being in the Wind Ensemble shows my musical ability, along with my musical understanding. Being in the Wind Ensemble gives me a opportunity to study and prepare more difficult music that I would find being in any other band. 3. Describe your level of marching fundamentals competency. My level of marching, I would say, is one of the more advanced in the band; I'm basing this statement on the fact that I've already had three years of marching experience, but not just marching experience, I've also had two years of teaching marching to underclassmen.With this experience I believe puts me ahead of other students in the band, because I was the only Sophomore section leader. 4. Describe your level of drill design (and execution of) understanding. My level of drill design and understanding is advanced compared to others in the band. Since Sophomore year I've been presented with the drill charts, that normal students would only see outside of rehearsal. So I have a fairly good understanding how to dress forms and how to fix forms that might not be working as well as it should be. 5. List and describe the points of attention . Feet The heels of the marchers feel should be touching, and their toes separated so that the gap at the intersection of the heels at a 45 degree angle. Along with the position of the feet, the weight of the marcher should be balanced solely on the ball of the foot. If this is done correctly then the marcher should be able to bounce up and down on their feet without shifting their weight. b. Knees The marchers knees should be in a comfortable bend. The worst thing for a marcher to do is lock their knees when they are in attention.This could lead to a possible blackout of the marcher due to the cut of of blood to the brain. c. Hips The marchers hips should flat to front, and should also be pushed and tilted forward slightly. The hips is one of the most important parts of a good marcher, it's what separates the musician from the athlete. This is a important thing to remember later when we start marching. d. Arms The Marchers arms should be at a slight, comfortable bend. With their hands resting on the sides of the legs, wear the seam of their shorts should be. The elbows should be facing directly backwards, not outward to any degree.The hands should be in a loose fist with their thumb facing directly downward in line with the se am on their shorts. e. Shoulder The marchers shoulders should be in a line with the heals of their feet and their hips. They should be relaxed but bold. This can be achieved by raising the shoulder to the ears, pulling them back, and relaxing them downward. This will portray a stronger individual. f. Head The marchers head should be held high. So that they are looking directly forward. There should be absolutely no movement what so ever while the marcher is in attention.Not to adjust hair, or wipe sweat, regardless to circumstance, if you are in attention, you are not moving. 6. List and describe the points of forward march. a. Head The head should remain flat to front or back at all times,unless directed otherwise. b. Shoulders The marchers shoulders should always be facing flat to front or back, unless directed otherwise. They should also be in the same position that they were in the attention position. c. Hips The marchers hips should be facing the direction in which the marcher is marching.The hips should also be in the same position that they were in while in attention. d. Legs The legs go through many different check points during the forward march. The first point is the first step. The first step will always be taken with the left foot. The leg should be extended forward until it is straight, at this point the heel of the left foot should be touching the ground. After the initial impact of the heel on the ground, the marcher will â€Å"Roll Through† , this can be accomplished by imagining you are squeezing every last bit of toothpaste out of a toothpaste bottle.By the time the foot has finished rolling through, the right leg should have started its progress forward, and should be right next to the left leg, with the foot parallel to the ground hovering as close to the ground as possible. As the left foot rolls through to the tip of the toes, the marcher should be repeating that same process with their right foot. This process should be continued until the end of a set, or a still portion of the drill. The marcher will stop marching forward be either changing directions to backwards marching, or stopping.When the marcher is stopping, they will step forward with their right food, and roll through starting at the toe this time, at the correct angle of attention, and then smoothly place their left foot into the attention position. 7. List and describe the points of backward march. a. Head The head should remain flat to front or back at all times,unless directed otherwise. b. Shoulders The marchers shoulders should always be facing flat to front or back, unless directed otherwise. They should also be in the same position that they were in the attention position. c. HipsThe marchers hips should be facing the direction in which the marcher is marching. The hips should also be in the same position that they were in while in attention. d. Legs The legs will go through many different check points throughout the backwards marching pr ocess. The first check point is the first step. The marcher, beginning from their attention position, will lift their right heel of the ground just enough so that their left foot is dangling by their side. The marcher will then swing the left leg backwards, without bending their knee, and touch their ball of their foot behind them.Once the back foot has been firmly planted onto the ground, the marcher will then repeat the process with their right food, and continue repeating this process until directed by a director. 8. List and describe the points of a slide march. While the marcher is slide marching their lower body will remain the same, such as marching check points, the only difference between slide marching and regular marching is the direction the upper body is facing in comparison to the lower body. When the marcher is standing in attention horns up(we will describe later) their first check point is their hips.The marcher will rotate their hips 45 degrees to the left or right , according to the directions of the directors. Along with the rotation of the hips the whole rest of the upper body will move with the hips, but the feet will not move. The next step is the shoulders, the shoulders; the shoulders will then complete the rotation started at the hips with another 45 degree turn of the shoulders in the same direction that the hips had just moved. From here the marchers shoulders should be at a 90 degree angle in comparison to the feet which should be facing forward.From this point the marcher will be able to repeat the steps in the forward and backwards march instructions to begin the slide marching process. Something that should always be remembered is that while the marcher is marching in the slide position, they should always have their horn in the same position that they would as if they were marching normal. 9. Describe the horns up position in detail. From the attention position, the marcher will be addressed â€Å"'clap,clap,clap,clap' band hor ns up† this sequence of commands represents a common counting pattern of marching band, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8.Notice that there is only seven commands, the 8 count of the addressed sequence is the time in which the marcher will very quickly put their horns up, and as the horn comes up the marcher will make a very short but loud ‘Tsst' sound. The position of the hands in horns up position is as follows. The marchers fist will be right in front of the marchers mouth, the left hand should be in a fist and the right hand should be covering the left hand. The marchers thumbs should resemble an ‘X' shape in front of their mouth, this is to represent the mouthpiece.After proper hand position is established, the marcher should pay attention that their wrists are not bent in any place. The wrist should always be completely straight. The marchers elbows should be bent at a 90 degree angle. The rest of the marchers body will remain the same as it is in attention position. To transi tion from horns up to horns down, the marcher will just rotate their fists so that the ‘X' is facing directly up. 10. Describe how to dress a line.During marching season, there will be many times that you will be marching in a line, these are very important parts in a show, because perfect lines stand out to people who are experienced and also inexperienced with marching shows. a. Forward. If you are marching in a line that is in front of you, you should see nothing but the person directly in front of you. b. Side to side. If you are in a line that is side to side you should use your peripheral vision to address the line, if you can see someone other than the person directly to your left or right, you aren't in the line, and must adjust immediately. 1. Describe how to dress a curve. The curve is very essential to the type of marching band that we are today. Curves is what separates our band from military marching bands. Curves can be anywhere in a marching show, and for them t o impressive there should always be equal spacing and a smooth flow from person to person. To dress a curve the marcher should always have each set memorized, and while we are dressing each set individually, should memorize the way the curve looks, and to hit it every time no matter what.If you see the curve rolling smoothly from person to person, the curve is correct. If there is a bump in a curve, such as someone jutting out, this person needs to reevaluate is set placement. 12. Describe how to dress a diagonal. Diagonals, just like lines, are an essential part of marching bands. The way a marcher will dress diagonals is the pretty much the same way one would dress a line. By looking down the diagonal that the marcher is in, and making sure that no one else is visible except the person right immediately next in the line.

My Papa’s Waltz Personal Analysis

Index: Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 Essay†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Introduction: For this paper, you will be able to encounter the various meanings, tones, structure, my personal opinion and analysis of the poem â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† by Theodore Roethke. For more to add, you will also encounter with a brief biography of the poet Roethke which will explain why the poet wrote this poem and how much meaning it has for him.The reason why I chose this poem out of the other seven choices that were given was because this poem captivated me. The poem itself has a lot of parts in which it amazed me, but what amazed me the most was of how the poet could give two opposite actions, feelings and emotions; that ambiguity all at the same time. 1 Essay: â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† was first written in 1942 by Theodore Roethke. It centers in the idea of the relationship between a father and a son.Theodore Roethke was born in Saginaw, Michigan, in which he spent much of his childhood in the greenhouse –enlarging his lov e towards nature– where his father and uncle worked in. Roethke had a harsh childhood, which can be portrayed in many of his poems, as his father and uncle died at an early age. Maybe it was these harsh moments that depict the reason why Roethke’s poems are so confusing and hard to know what he wants to say. â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† is an iambic trimeter with an ABAB rhyme. It consists of 4 stanzas, each stanza having 4 lines, also called a quatrain.It is iambic because according to the shmoop page, one unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed one(1). Also, it is a trimeter because it has three stressed syllables. Relating to the tone, it can be seen first as violent but when looked deeply, it has a lovely, amiable and cheerful tone. Last but not least, it is a poem considered to depict connotation as it gives the association of a secondary meaning of a word or expression(2). Related to the analysis of the poem, Roethke is describing about one of his f ew memories he had with his father before he passed out.It kind of leads you at first to believe that the father is abusing and mistreating him but when you reach to the end of the poem, you end up realizing that they were having a great time together. As Roethke is famous for being ambiguous in his writings, I will first talk about the dark and violent side and then the lovely and amiable side which can be perceived by the reader; but will clarify which side I’m taking at the final stanza. In the first stanza, it can be perceived as something violent right away by seeing the words â€Å"dizzy†, and â€Å"death†.These are strong vocabulary and the voice of the boy seems kind of scared. In contrast, it could have meant that the father just had a few sips of whiskey and because the boy was still a child, just a small amount of alcohol could have made him dizzy. Also, by saying that he ‘hung on like death’ could be that as he didn’t share too 2 saying that he ‘hung on like death’ could be that as he didn’t share too much time with his dad, he held on to his father very strong as he enjoyed it. In the second stanza, the violence gets worse as the utensils in the kitchen fall and the mother’s face frowns of disapproval.This can be the most direct evidence of violence in the whole poem. But, it can also show a positive side, for example they were having so much fun and delight that they created a mess in the kitchen and the mother was frowning because she had to clean all the mess up. Or, it could also have been that the mother was frowning in disbelief of how much fun the father and the son were having together. One last option of the mother frowning could be because she was jealous of not being part of the fun the father and son were having.But most likely it would be the second reason, as it is the most reasonable one. In the third stanza, details of where the son had wounds and signs of beatings are described literally. A tone of suffering can be perceived from the tip of the nose, however as the poem gets to the end, the violence seems to cease. This is because Roethke here describes that his father actually held his wrist which is a sign of love. The knuckle of the father being battered just shows how hard the father worked with his bare hands and that even though the father must be tired of labor work, he still shares time with his son.Also, when Roethke says ‘ear scraped a buckle’, he referred that as his height was small; his ear was just at the same level as of his father’s hips where he had a buckle. So every time they loosed their rhythm of the waltzing, the boy was hit not on purpose but mistakenly or as an accident. Any fun activity has its risk or accident so a little bit of danger won’t hurt that much. In the fourth and last stanza, it is where the author Roethke shows what he has meant to say from the beginning of the poem.The beatin g time of the head is that the father was measuring the tempo of the waltzing to his head as the boy was small and again the palm with dirt depicts the father’s hard work. The act of that the father took the boy to his bed is simply an action of love, tenderness and warmth. Not any father would do that after a long day of work unless the father feels a deep connection and love towards his child. And by saying that Roethke kept grabbing to his father’s shirt means that he didn’t want to let go of his father.This showed how much affection the boy had towards his dad and that all those actions that seemed violent were actually just fun to him. 3 From my personal view and analysis I’ve made, I stand and clarify that the poem is about an intimate moment Roethke had with his dad. The title alone states it because by using the word ‘Papa’, it refers to the father whom the child feels love, closeness and warmth. The word ‘Waltz’ is also used as a flow of calm music with rhythm for dancing. The title itself is remarkably positive and warm, meaning that the poem most likely is about the boy, Roethke describing one of his best moments with his father.But also, after reading the poem several times –by several times I mean over a hundred times–, I came to this idea that maybe the waltz was the symbol or the description of how the relationship with his father was but this time METAPHORICALLY. By metaphorically I mean that maybe the waltz was the direct symbolic representation of the bond between Roethke and his father. To make myself clear, Roethke could have had a really bad relationship –as the waltzing caused broken objects, parts of the body hurt and etc†¦- with his father but he still wanted to be with him –as when he still cling to his shirt–.The entire poem could be a metaphor of how bad his relationship with his father was (because Roethke almost never had time to be with h is father) but then even though it was bad, it didn’t matter to him as he still loved his father. 4 Conclusion: In â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz†, Roethke highlighted the fondness, attachment and love towards his father in a manner only he could express. The use of these abstract ideas –in another words: connotation– were used because his love towards his father, the memories he had with his father were not simple and literal, but rather complex, deep and symbolical.All in all, the most important thing is that Roethke leaves you as the reader a decision. This is why he is considered one of the best poets; no poet has given the reader a choice, a path or simply a decision. In this poem, Roethke gives you the decision to either take the poem from a negative side or from a positive side. It all depends on the reader, on how open-minded, understanding the reader is. This makes him unique, special and now, my favorite poet of all. 5 Bibliography: (1) http://www . shmoop. com/my-papas-waltz/rhyme-form-meter. html (2) http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/waltz? s=t 6

Analytical Essay Sample on Parents Influence on Children

Analytical Essay Sample on Parents Influence on Children Free example essay on Parents Influence on Children: For some evident reason my parents assumed they could have total control over my life just because they brought me into this world. For many people this states true especially Asian parents towards their Asian American kids. I could only hope one day my parents would give me the freedom to make my own choices and the lifestyle that I’d prefer to live by without any criticisms and consequences. My parents played a major role on how much influence they imposed on my life in regards to the bad aspect of it, the good aspect of it, and how both the good and the bad side contributed to make me the person that I am today. Asian parents are usually stereotyped as the ones pushing and urging their kids the most, and certainly there has to be some truth to that for it to be known as a stereotype. My parents basically pushed me to perform well in school. In their point of view, education is the key to success and if I succeeded in school then I would also succeed in life. Due to their educational mentality, my parents seldom let me do any extracurricular activities. According to them, if the school function has nothing to do with academic school then it’s not worth my time. They have never grasp the concept of being a teenager of the 21st century. They didn’t care if I liked to sing or if I enjoyed playing a musical instrument. I felt so controlled, which caused me to miss out on the chance to experience and express myself as an individual without my parents hovering over me. My parents controlled every move helped me become more on task and to be on top of my schedule. I became more educated as a human being and further-more would use my knowledge to benefit my future. I learned to be more responsible in getting my work done on time; as a result I graduated in the top five percent of my graduating class. My protective parents were also my anti-drug, which kept me away from bad influences, therefore I was less likely to be associated with the â€Å"bad† crowd. I never wanted to disappoint them, thus I primarily tried my best in everything I did. Being under a strict authority also taught me discipline and respect. My parents have always told me, â€Å"It is extremely important in the Asian culture to respect all those whom are older than you regardless of your age and status.† I tried to do everything they asked me to do, and I’d put my trust in them that it would all pay off in the end. As a result, I created a closer relationship with my family. From their controlling, yet loving nature, they helped shaped who I am today. There were some restrictions that they imposed upon me that I would never do as a parent. I resented the fact that they hardly ever let me do any after school activities or participated in any events. I struggled and at times fought with them to be a part of choir, a hobby that I enjoyed and relied on when I couldn’t turn to my parents for support. Many years have past and I have adapted to their ways of parenting. Their parenting has influenced me on becoming a more prominent person and has taught me to live life more efficiently. Because of them, I am now looking at a bright future ahead of me even though I made some sacrifices. After all, in the end I am blessed to have concerned parents to guide me and educate me of what is wrong and right. Though there were times when it was hard having authoritative parents, I will use this experience as a guide of how I would prefer to raise my kids. I’ve undergone the bad side and the good side of having authoritative parents with the pros and cons that coincides with it. Despite the fact that at times I felt so controlled, I’ve come to realize that they meant well with the intentions of giving me a positive outlook on my future. Whether or not the parents’ posses authoritative like qualities, it is important to let the 21st century youth discover their own lifestyle and permit them to express themselves as an individual.

3D Printing for Educational Purposes

3D Printing for Educational Purposes 3D Printing for Educational Purposes Can’t Imagine Abstract Things? Just Print Them! 3D printing is a hot topic in education these days, and this ever-developing technology is helping students grasp abstract topics and ideas. From fine arts to math, universities everywhere are using 3D printers in the classroom – and here’s why! 3D Printing – It’s an Art! From Sculpture 101 to culinary school, 3D printers are being used more and more within the arts, and with amazing results. Architecture students can use the printers to recreate their designs, allowing them to examine how their structures will look in the real world and make immediate tweaks and changes to improve their designs. At culinary institutes, students can design new and different cupcake and loaf pans, cookie cutters, and decoration molds, ensuring that they are able to stay at the forefront of food aesthetics. Turning the Abstract into Concrete Math is full of abstract and theoretical ideas that can be challenging for students to grasp. Using 3D printers to visualize and create mathematical concepts, shapes, and curves makes it much easier for students to understand how a theorem or shape actually appears in reality. 3D printers also make it easier for professors to effectively teach these ideas, as they ensure that both audial and visual learners have an equal footing in the classroom. Engineering New Ideas Many engineers pride themselves at being at the forefront of technology and innovation, so it only makes sense to have the latest technology – such as 3D printers – in the classroom. Students can learn from this new manufacturing technology itself, as well as utilize it for their own designs and to solve engineering problems. Using a 3D printer to create prototypes can help students to actually test their engineering skills and to physically see where improvements may be needed. Students can also see how existing parts, such as the various components of a car engine, may be modified – they can then print and test these, thereby creating innovation within the engineering industry through printing! Anatomy (Past Present) in 3D The human body is one of the most complex machines on the planet, and students everywhere – be them freshman biology students or final year medical students – are learning about anatomy through the use of 3D printers. By creating 3D images and cross-sections of organs, nerve systems, and the brain, students have one of the most effective study aids on the planet! In addition to the workings of the human body, 3D printing can also help archaeology students to examine artifacts, skeletal remains, and fossils in greater detail. By printing such artifacts, students are able to physically handle what would normally be ‘hands-off’ materials from museums, exhibitions, and archaeological digs. What were once abstract concepts and 2D pictures or diagrams are suddenly brought to life in the classroom using 3D printers, helping students become better learners and critical thinkers. Whatever you’re majoring in, it’s likely that a 3D printer will be coming to your classroom soon! The advantages it gives to both students and professors make this an important tool for learning across the arts and sciences – hopefully you’ll get to try one out for yourself! Additionally, you can get a custom essay on 3D Printing topic from our essay writing company.

The English in My Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The English in My Life - Essay Example In my question to the teacher, I was inquiring on how conjunction should be used in a sentence. When my classmates heard my sentence, they laughed at me and mocked me for my "terrible" English. My teacher as well had a very hard time understanding what I meant. It stressed me so much that everyone in my class laughed at and mocked me for my language. I thereafter had a very hard time communicating with anyone in my class and the entire school. It was one of the worst encounters in my first school in the United States. The mocking by my classmates and schoolmates continued which caused me to hate school. After a semester at this school where I endured ill-treatment by my fellow students, I developed a bad attitude towards English school and almost never wanted to wake up in the morning. My father being a disciplinarian always woke me up with an authoritative voice after my mother could not manage to. In fear of my authoritative father, I would wake up and hastily rush to school. I was afraid to say that I was not happy at the school because I was terrified by my parent’s faces on receipt of such news. At the end of that fateful semester, all my grades dropped drastically. I scored an F in English as well as in Mathematics, which was my best subject. My parent was very disappointed in me that they went to see my class teacher about my dropped grades. With time, they got to understand my problem in school and they transferred me to a different school in the next semester. They also encouraged me and my interest in school grew. I was more determined to improve my spoken English. I developed so much interest in writing, reading and speaking English. At the initial stages, my language was bad, but not as my parent was.  Ã‚  

Caterpillars Resilience for Strategic Change Management Process Essay

Caterpillars Resilience for Strategic Change Management Process - Essay Example 1) These above mentioned lines are not only mere scholarly jargon or illusion used by some well known academic scholars but the lines are truly reflecting the core essence of change management. In such context, Zajac, Kraatz & Bresser (2000) pointed out that the question is not about whether an organization is able to change or not rather the focus should be whether the mentioned organization is able to successfully implement the change management mechanism in competitive environment or not. Palaniswamy and Sushil (2003) argued that going for change for organizations is always directed by external factors because no organizations would want to change the existing system equilibrium without any bankable reason. Well, the argument has point because historical analysis of data shows that without the presence of certain reasons or the objective of achieving certain benefits, none of the organizations have invested its financial and non-financial resources to achieve change management (Za jac, Kraatz & Bresser, 2000). ... Caterpillar Inc- Business Dimension Caterpillar Inc or Cat is an American corporation which is global leader in manufacturing, construction and mining equipment, diesel-electric locomotive, industrial gas turbines and diesel and natural gas engines. The company was established in 1925 and at present, headquarter of the company is located in Peoria, Illinois, United States (Caterpillar, 2013a). The engineering giant offers wide range of products ranging from construction and mining equipment (the yellow equipment of the company has become symbolic icon for both industrial and retail consumers), customized industrial gas turbines which can lift heavy loads, natural gas engines which can work in low carbon emission state, remanufacturing services, end to end logistic services and even financial services (Gillett, Fink & Bevington, 2010). As of 2012, Caterpillar Inc has earned revenue of more than US $65 billion from its global business operation while the company has reported asset wort h around US$89 billion (Caterpillar, 2013a). As of 2008, the company has established presence in every continent while total employee base of the company exceeds 0.1 million (Gillett, Fink & Bevington, 2010). Now, the fact is that Caterpillar Inc never targeted retail customers or sell items to end users because from the starting days, the engineering targeted construction and mining companies or the dealers who sell construction equipment to both industrial and retail customers. In such business ideology, Caterpillar Inc has established global dealer distribution network crossing 185 partnerships across countries in Europe, South America, Africa, North

Environmental effects of oil spills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Environmental effects of oil spills - Essay Example ics (1997), an oil spill is â€Å"oil, discharged accidentally or intentionally, that floats on the surface of water bodies as a discrete mass and is carried by the wind, currents and tides. Oil spills can be partially controlled by chemical dispersion, combustion, mechanical containment and absorption. They have destructive effects on coastal ecosystems† (par. 1). The ecological crisis brought about by oil spills displaces a global equilibrium pattern based on the dwindling supply of marine resources. As an environmentally ethical dilemma, oil spills need to be closely evaluated and addressed to take drastic actions to restore balance and prevent further damage to the marine ecosystem. According to Oracle ThinkQuest, oil spills are actually classified into two groups: accidental and from operations (n.d., par. 1). Accidental oil spills are generally caused by collusions, fires and explosions, hull failures, and groundings (ibid.). On the other hand, oil spills from operations â€Å"occur when ships are carrying out routine operations at ports or oil terminals, but the majority of such spills are small, with 93% of them producing a spillage of less than 7 tonnes† (Oracle, n.d., par. 3). As indicated, two specific activities are encompassed within the scope of oil spills from operations, to wit: â€Å"loading/discharging: commonest cause of oil spillages (either during routine operations or resulting from accidents), with 3070 occurring between 1974-1999; and bunkering: the least common operational oil loss with only 566 occurring between 1974-1999† (ibid.). Whatever the causes are, the fact remains that the oil spilled in bodies of water pose dangers to marine life and to the environment. The International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation Limited (ITOPF) is â€Å"a not-for-profit organization established on behalf of the worlds ship owners to promote an effective response to marine spills of oil, chemicals and other hazardous substances† (ITOPF: About, 2010, par.

Auditing Is The Accumulation And Evaluation Of Evidence Accounting Essay

Auditing Is The Accumulation And Evaluation Of Evidence Accounting Essay Auditing is the accumulation and evaluation of evidence about information to determine and report on the degree of correspondence between the information and established criteria. Auditing should be done by a competent, independent party and communicate the results to interested users. (Elder, and others, 2007, p .4) The purpose of audit is to enable the auditor to express an opinion whether the financial statements present a true and fair view in accordance with the identified financial reporting framework, and will enhance the credibility of financial statements. Audits can improve a companys efficiency and profitability by helping the management better understand their own work and financial system. The management, as well as the shareholders, suppliers and financers, is assured that the risks in the organization are well-studied, and effective systems are in place to handle them. Furthermore, audit can identify areas in an organizations financial structure that need improvement, and how to implement the proper changes and adjustments. It uncovers inaccuracies and discrepancies within an organizations records, which may be indications of weak financial organization or even internal fraud, and reduce the risks. (Auditing, n.d.) At present corporate scandals and fraud continues to be a pervasive problem and is very common across the world. However these scandals and fraud are so massive that every time many people especially employees of the company lose their jobs and investors are bearing from major losses in these incidents. Corporate fraud is any fraud committed against a business and is used to include many different wrongs that may occur within a business. Corporate fraud takes many forms, including insider trading, embezzlement, false billing schemes, securities fraud and forgery, Asset misappropriation fraud, Business opportunity fraud, Employment fraud, Short and long firm fraud, Employee fraud etc. Among the most dangerous forms of corporate fraud is known as long firm fraud, which occurs when a business is founded on legitimate grounds, and then lead by certain unethical individuals toward a purpose of defrauding over a long time. (Corporate fraud, n.d.) It is difficult to expect such scandals prior to the exposure as these involve complex methods for misusing funds, overstating revenues, understating expenses, etc. According to studies conducted in the United States, United Kingdom and Australia (2010) states that corporate fraud increased in the previous 12 months and economic conditions have w orsened. The studies also found that the dollar amount lost to fraud also had increased as well. The study conducted by Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE, 2009) estimated that fraud cost U.S organizations 7 percent of annual revenues, or $ 994 billion in losses based on 2008 gross domestic product. Although financial statement fraud less frequent, however it typically involved more than $ 2 million. Simultaneously, in the United Kingdom KPMGs Fraud Barometer found  £1.3 billion of fraud in 2009. National head of forensic Gary Gill (2010) states that 2009 Australia KPMGs Fraud Barometer found million in major fraud cases. And they highlighted that although the number of cases remain same compared to first to second half of 2009, the value or cost of the fraud doubled. This could weaken investors and shareholders confidence. In order to prevent or reduce from corporate fraud auditors do have a duty to detect errors and fraud hence auditors need to ensure that the financial statements are presented in true and fair view in accordance with the identified financial reporting framework. This research will assist the auditors to find out what they can be done or what would be their responsibility to reduce the massive corporate fraud which, is rapidly spreading around the world. Auditors obtain a reasonable assurance that financial statements are free of material misstatement caused by error or fraud. One of the challenges faced by the auditor in detecting fraud is the independence of the auditor. Some companies management will not allow the auditor to act with integrity and exercise objectivity and professional skepticism. The other challenge faced by the auditor is that the management does not provide sufficient information to detect the fraud. The auditors would not get enough supporting documents to prove that whether the transactions are correctly recorded. Maintaining public trust is also one of the challenges that auditors would face, hence the public has raised the question as to whether audit functions can be trusted, after financial statement fraud committed by big companies such as Enron, Tyco, and World.com. In order to prevent such problems from occurring, this research has been conducted in order to help auditors to enhance audit quality, preve nt and detect potential fraud before it is too late. Brief description of project objectives. (i.e. scope of proposal, constructs used, limitations and significance) Andrew Marshal (2009) said that when it comes to corporate fraud, nowhere is safe, hence there are fraud scandals occurring everywhere in the world. CPA Journal (2008) estimated that a typical organization loses 5 percent of its annual revenues to fraud, or about $ 4,500 per employee each year. Furthermore the CPA Journal (2008) states that most frauds involve a lack of adequate internal controls (opportunity), the need to maintain an expensive lifestyle or pressure to meet goals (incentive), and the perpetrators lack of awareness that their actions are wrong (self-rationalization) or simple lack of integrity. However, investors expect auditors to give them absolute assurance for detecting material misstatement due to fraud. The majority of investors want from an audit absolute assurance the financial statements are free of all types of material misstatement. The main objective or the aim of this research will be on how and what are the methods that auditors can contribute to minimiz e material misstatements from financial statements and reduce corporate fraud. The other objective of this research is to identify the difficulties in detecting corporate fraud and how to enhance audit quality. Besides that this research will evaluate the gaps in internal controls and how auditors can come out with a financial statement without any biasness. Scope of the Study The scope of this study will concentrate on auditors and their responsibilities towards the public. In addition it will focus on fraud awareness, fraud risk and the corporate governance in the organization. Furthermore this study will focus on the abilities and the knowledge which auditors should have to accomplish their obligations. Limitations of the Study The limitations of this research will be the difficulty in collecting primary data; hence this research will be conducted with face-to-face structured interviews and a survey questionnaire. The time limit for the interview may not be enough based on the availability of the participants, therefore interview has to be scheduled for the availability of participants. Significant of the Study This research will facilitate the auditors to maintain public trust and will enhance audit quality. By enhancing audit quality auditors can reduce the corporate fraud and make the companies trustworthy. When audit quality is enhanced auditors will be more responsible in detecting and preventing fraud. And auditors will perform their work more carefully as a result the companies will not experience financial trouble or difficulties. This research will gather information about how corporate frauds can be reduced and auditors as a key people who needs this information to be applied in the corporate world to reduce corporate fraud. Brief description of the models/theories/concepts that will be used in this proposal. (i.e. consumer behaviourism model, CSF and etc.) This project does not require any concepts, theories or models to be used in the process of doing it. E Academic research being carried out and other information, techniques being learnt. (i.e. literature what are the names of books you are going to read / data sets you are going to use) The books that this research will use are Audit and Assurance Books, Internal and External Auditing books. Magazines, online articles and journals which are related to corporate fraud and auditors will be used. Journals include such as Audit disaster futures: antidotes for the expectation gap by Fran M. Wolf, James A. Tackett and Gregory A. Claypool. And CPA journals such as Auditors responsibilities with respect to fraud: a possible shift. In addition this research will use the Audit firms reports such as KPMG. Other relevant sources include: http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE5AJ03S20091120 http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1717856320100317 http://www.bobsguide.com/guide/news/2009/Nov/20/Corporate_accounting_fraud_increasing_around_the_world.html http://www.kpmg.com/AU/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Press-Releases/Pages/Press-release-fraud-doubles-16-Feb-10.aspx http://www.irs.gov/compliance/enforcement/article/0,,id=213768,00.html http://www.anonymousemployee.com/csssite/sidelinks/corporate_fraud.php http://www.procurement.travel/news.php?cid=corporate-fraud-rises-employees-layoffs-economy.Mar-10.31 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=868441show=html Brief description of the materials/methodologies needed by the proposal. (i.e. data collection methods, sampling, sample size and target group etc.) The data for this research is intended to be covered from Malaysia. Primary data will be collected from listed companies and Audit firms of Malaysia. Data will be collected with the help of questionnaires and interviews. Face-to-face structured interviews will be carried out. The interview will be kept short to respect the time constrains of the participants, hence would not be exceeding 30 minutes. Where clarification is required, further follow-up interviews can be carried out over telephone or e-mail where necessary. A total of 150 questionnaires would be prepared and distributed to the employees of listed companies of Malaysia and Certified Public Accountants (CPA) of Malaysia. The questionnaire would also be distributed to the shareholders for the listed companies of Malaysia and other employees who are working in financial institutions as well. The questionnaires would be more closed ended structured while there would be some open ended questions included as well. Most of the secondary data will be taken from online journals, Emerald, other websites and Athens database. G Brief description of the evaluation and analysis proposed for this project. (i.e. project deliverables and hypothesis, correlation test etc) Hypothesis of the Research This research would benefit the Audit firms, public and private limited companies and shareholders and stakeholders of the public companies. This research not only benefits to Audit firms, public and private companies, but for the public as a whole. The hypothesis testing would show the effect and the changes of audit quality. This hypothesis testing would be the relationship between internal auditors and the external auditors, being independent between the internal auditors would assist the external auditors to work independently and detect fraud and prevent them re-occurring. In addition this research would expect that there is a relationship between internal control and the audit quality and relationship between audit ethics and audit procedures that the external auditors carried out. Deliverables The end result of this research would provide empirical information to all auditors and the top management of the company. Especially this information would facilitate the directors to come out with reliable financial statement to its users. This research will provide theoretical information to all the directors and to the management of the company in order to prevent the financial statements from misstatement and fraud. This information helps the company from losing billions of dollars per year from corporate fraud and will safeguard the shareholders interest and the stake holders of the company. H. Illustration of how this project will benefit the future employability Relevance to Industry All the accounting and financial industries will benefit from this research. As an audit firm this research will help both enhancing the audit quality and will facilitate the new methods to detect fraud and will encourage new audit firms to perform the audit with due care. Auditing is one of the challenging works which assist the auditors to use their knowledge and experience and at the same time the new auditors will learn and gain experience in the audit field and would learn new methods on detecting frauds. This research would benefit all the corporations to minimize their corporate fraud cost. Significance to Modules This research is directly related to Audit and Assurance, Forensic Accounting. And also somehow this research is related to corporate governance as well.